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Solar urticaria is a type of skin condition that causes an allergic reaction to sunlight. It is a rare condition that can affect both men and women of any age. The condition typically causes red, itchy, and raised hives or welts to form on the skin within minutes of sun exposure. These hives can be small or large and may merge together to form larger areas of swelling.
The exact cause of solar urticaria is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to an overreaction of the immune system to sunlight. The condition may be triggered by exposure to both natural and artificial light sources, such as sunlight, tanning beds, and halogen lights.
Symptoms of solar urticaria can include:
Treatment for solar urticaria typically involves avoiding sun exposure and using protective clothing, such as hats and long-sleeved shirts, to shield the skin from sunlight. Over-the-counter antihistamine medications can also be helpful in reducing symptoms, but in severe cases, prescription-strength antihistamines, corticosteroids, or other medications may be needed. Phototherapy, a treatment that involves controlled exposure to UV light, may also be helpful for some people with solar urticaria. It is important to consult a healthcare provider or dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment of solar urticaria.