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Hypotension - Generics

Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is lower than the normal range for a given individual. Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood around the body. It is expressed as two numbers, systolic and diastolic pressure, measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

A blood pressure reading of less than 90/60 mmHg is generally considered low and can be a sign of hypotension. However, some people may have a normal blood pressure that is lower than 90/60 mmHg and do not experience any symptoms.

There are several types of hypotension, including:

  1. Orthostatic hypotension: This occurs when a person experiences a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing up from a sitting or lying down position. Symptoms may include dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting.
  2. Neurally mediated hypotension: This type of hypotension is caused by a miscommunication between the brain and the heart, resulting in a sudden drop in blood pressure. Symptoms may include dizziness, nausea, and fainting.
  3. Severe hypotension: This is a medical emergency and can be life-threatening. It is usually caused by a severe infection, allergic reaction, or loss of blood.
  4. Postprandial hypotension: This occurs after eating a meal, particularly in older adults. Blood flow is redirected to the digestive system, causing a drop in blood pressure. Symptoms may include dizziness and fainting.
  5. Drug-induced hypotension: Certain medications, such as those used to treat high blood pressure, heart disease, and depression, can cause hypotension as a side effect.
  6. Hypovolemic hypotension: This occurs when there is a decrease in the volume of blood in the body, usually due to severe bleeding, dehydration, or burns.

Symptoms of hypotension may include dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea, fainting, blurred vision, fatigue, and confusion. Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the condition and may include medication, lifestyle changes, or intravenous fluids.

In general, hypotension is not a cause for concern unless it is accompanied by symptoms or is a result of an underlying medical condition. If you experience any symptoms of hypotension, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.


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