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Endometrial carcinoma is a type of cancer that begins in the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. It is the most common type of uterine cancer and typically occurs in postmenopausal women.
The most common symptom of endometrial carcinoma is abnormal vaginal bleeding, particularly after menopause. Other symptoms may include pelvic pain or discomfort, a lump or mass in the pelvic area, or difficulty urinating or defecating.
The exact cause of endometrial carcinoma is not known, but certain factors can increase the risk of developing it. These include obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, hormone therapy, and a history of endometrial hyperplasia (a condition in which the lining of the uterus becomes too thick).
Treatment for endometrial carcinoma typically involves surgery to remove the uterus and any affected tissue. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may also be used, depending on the stage of the cancer and the individual's overall health. Prognosis and survival rates depend on various factors, including the stage and type of cancer, the age and overall health of the individual, and the effectiveness of treatment.