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Ascites is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. It is usually caused by liver disease, such as cirrhosis, but can also be caused by other conditions such as heart failure, kidney disease, and certain cancers. The excess fluid causes abdominal swelling and discomfort, and in severe cases, it can lead to difficulty breathing and other complications.
The diagnosis of ascites is typically made through physical examination, imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scan, and analysis of the fluid through a procedure called paracentesis. Treatment for ascites depends on the underlying cause but often includes lifestyle modifications such as limiting salt intake, medications to reduce fluid buildup, and in severe cases, draining the fluid through a procedure called therapeutic paracentesis. Management of the underlying condition is also important to prevent further fluid buildup.