Pharmacology: Magnesium is the second most abundant intracellular divalent cation and is a cofactor for more than 300 metabolic reactions in the body. These processes include protein synthesis, cellular energy production and storage, cell growth and reproduction, DNA and RNA synthesis, and stabilization of mitochondrial membranes. Magnesium is one of the minerals responsible for managing bone metabolism, nerve transmission, cardiac excitability, neuromuscular conduction, muscular contraction, vasomotor tone, and blood pressure. Magnesium also plays a significant role in glucose and insulin metabolism, mainly through its impact on tyrosine kinase activity, phosphorylase b kinase activity, and glucose transporter protein activity. Because of these vital roles, magnesium levels may be affected by stressors to the body, such as in certain disease states. Supplementation with magnesium may have therapeutic effects in these situations.

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption of a micronutrient as Mg is affected by other nutrients and reaches an estimated 30–50% of dietary Mg intake at basal conditions, while the absorption fraction declines with age and raising Mg intake. The drug absorption depends on both the kind of Mg salt and other food elements that may either augment or abate it. The distribution of Mg is mainly intracellular, <1% circulates in the blood (both extracellularly and intracellularly), and total serum Mg comprises three states with roughly 60% ionized, 33% protein-bound and 7% anion complexed. Elimination of Mg is handled by renal filtration with 25% being reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule and further 50–60% is reabsorbed in the loop of Henle. Around 70–80% of plasma Mg undergoes glomerular filtration, but merely 3% is eventually excreted in the urine.

Magnesium Oxide is indicated for the treatment of following condition:

• Relieving the symptoms of magnesium defciency
• Cardiovascular system: Rapid heartbeat, heart rate irregularity, heart attack, angina pectoris (chest pain caused by narrowing / obstruction of heart-feeding vessels), mild severe hypertension
• Nervous system and muscles: Sudden and excessive contractions (tetania) in the muscles, muscle cramp, gastrointestinal cramps, increased stimulability of muscles and nerves, calf cramps, cramp conditions in newborn and young children and stress
• Gynecological diseases, birth and pregnancy: Pre-term contraction, cervical insufciency, premature membrane rupture, contractions during pregnancy (eclampsia [Disease with seizures, blood pressure increase, protein in the urine, water retention in body during pregnancy]/preeclampsia [Disease with blood pressure increase, protein in the urine, water retention in body during pregnancy]), tocolysis requiring the use of beta mimetic (interruption of the uterine contractions), dysmenorrhea.
• Orthopedics: Calcifcation and ossifcation
• Prevention of kidney stone formation (prevention of recurrence of calcium oxalate urolithiasis)
• Diabetes treatment and migraine (a kind of headache)

Magnesium supplements must be taken with meal to reduce stomach upset and diarrhea. The recommended daily dose for adults and adolescents (12-17 years) is 1-2 tablets.

Kidney failure: Should not be used in patients with severe kidney insufficiency.

Liver failure: There are no data on patients with liver insufficiency.

Usage in the elderly: There is no data on the use in elderly patients.

Hypersensitivity and severe renal impairment.

Mild side effects include-Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Cramp, Tiredness, Weakness, Confusion. These side effects disappear when the dose is reduced or treatment is discontinued. Serious side effects include low blood pressure, changes in the recording of the heart's electrical activity (ECG), depression, severe allergic reaction (e.g. swelling in mouth and throat, itching, rash, redness), respiratory depression, coma. These may require emergency medical treatment. These serious side efects occur very rarely.

Overdose Effects

Symptoms of overdose may include slow heartbeat, severe dizziness, confusion, muscle weakness, loss of consciousness, diarrhea and hypermagnesemia.

This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. If anyone has the following health problem, consult with doctor before using this product: kidney disease, alcohol dependence, liver disease, phenylketonuria (PKU), or any other condition that requires limit/avoid these substances from diet.

Pregnancy & Lactation

The recommended daily dose in pregnancy and lactation is 1-2 tablets. (During pregnancy & lactation, this product should be used only when clearly needed).