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Levonorgestrel - Brands
Levonorgestrel is an emergency contraceptive for women. This should be used within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. It should not be taken as a regular birth control pill. This medicine is also known as Post Coital Pill and Morning After Pill. The active substance in this medicine is levonorgestrel.
Some information about the menstrual cycle and contraception:
The menstrual cycle is the time elapsed between two menstrual periods. Normally, the cycle lasts for 28 days but its length can vary noticeably from one woman to another.
Menstrual periods occur when a woman is not pregnant. At the middle of the cycle, an ovum is expelled by one of the 2 ovaries (this moment is called "ovulation"). Usually, ovulation takes place in the middle of the cycle, but it can occur at any moment during the cycle.
If sperms are near the ovum, fertilization (i.e. the merge between the ovum and a sperm cell in order to create an embryo) can take place. After a few days, the fertilized ovum implants in the womb and the pregnancy starts.
Contraceptive methods are aimed to prevent:
- either the ovulation: this is the case for the contraceptive pill,
- either the fertilization (merge of the sperm with the ovum): this is the case for condoms,
- or the implantation of a fertilized ovum: this is the case for intrauterine devices.
Emergency contraception aims to block ovulation or prevent implantation if the sexual intercourse has taken place in the hours or days preceding ovulation, i.e. at a time when the likelihood of fertilization is the highest. It could also prevent implantation. It becomes inefficient as soon as implantation has started.
Without a contraceptive method, a woman cannot exclude the possibility of becoming pregnant after sexual intercourse.
If you have taken this medicine and that you do not use regular contraception, it is highly recommended to visit your doctor in order to obtain advice on a method of contraception suitable to you.
The advice in case of risk of transmission of sexually transmitted disease:
If you fear a pregnancy, this can mean that you have not used a condom (or that you have used it improperly) during sexual intercourse. You may therefore have contracted a sexually transmitted disease or the AIDS virus, if you are not aware of your partner's health status, or if you have several partners. You should ask for advice from your doctor as soon as possible for early detection and, if necessary, early treatment. During your next sexual intercourse, it is recommended to take the appropriate measures in order to prevent unwanted pregnancy and/or a sexually transmitted disease and to avoid AIDS contamination. If you need further information about Levonorgestrel, ask your doctor, or a family planning center.
Pharmacology
Oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel suppress gonadotropins, inhibiting ovulation. Specifically, levonorgestrel binds to progesterone and androgen receptors and slows the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. This process results in the suppression of the normal physiological luteinizing hormone (LH) surge that precedes ovulation. It inhibits the rupture of follicles and viable egg release from the ovaries. Levonorgestrel has been proven to be more effective when administered before ovulation.
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