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Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Vaccine [Conjugated] - Brands
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) bacteria are surrounded by polysaccharide capsules, which make the bacteria resistant to attack by white blood cells. However, human blood serum contains antibodies, which render the bacteria vulnerable to attack. The vaccine, which is composed of the purified polysaccharide from Hib bacterial cells, stimulates production of anticapsular antibodies and provides active immunity to the Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria represented by the polysaccharide in the vaccine.
Haemophilus b polysaccharide vaccine, unlike the conjugate vaccine, predominantly stimulates B-cells to produce antibodies. This is known as being T-cell independent and is characteristic of polysaccharide vaccines. The initial stimulation of T-cells followed by stimulation of B cells (known as a T-cell response) is particularly important in young children to ensure adequate and persisting antibody production. Stimulation of T-cells also results in an anamnestic response to future doses of the vaccine and future natural exposure to Haemophilus influenzae type b. The poor T-cell response stimulated by the polysaccharide vaccine is thought to be one reason why the polysaccharide vaccine is not adequately immunogenic in children up to 18 months of age and may not be fully immunogenic in children 18 to 24 months of age. In addition, lack of initial T-cell stimulation probably is the reason that repeat doses of the polysaccharide vaccine do not boost the antibody response consistently.
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