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X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than that of ultraviolet (UV) rays and longer than that of gamma rays. X-rays were first discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895, and have since been used in a wide range of applications including medical imaging, airport security, and scientific research.
In medical imaging, X-rays are used to create images of the inside of the body, such as bones and organs, by passing X-rays through the body and capturing the resulting radiation on an image sensor. This can help doctors diagnose a wide range of medical conditions, such as broken bones, tumors, and infections.
X-rays can also be used to treat certain medical conditions, such as cancer. In radiation therapy, high-energy X-rays are used to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors.
While X-rays have many useful applications, they can also be harmful if not used properly. Exposure to high levels of X-rays can damage DNA and increase the risk of cancer and other health problems. Therefore, precautions are taken to limit exposure to X-rays, such as wearing protective clothing and using shielding materials.