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Cytopathology is a branch of pathology that deals with the study of individual cells to diagnose and understand diseases. It involves the examination of cells obtained from various parts of the body, including the skin, body fluids, organs, and tissues.
Cytopathology is commonly used to diagnose cancer and other diseases that affect the cells. The examination of cells can provide information on the presence, nature, and extent of the disease. It can also help identify cancerous or precancerous cells, infections, inflammation, and other abnormalities.
The most common procedure used in cytopathology is a fine-needle aspiration (FNA), which involves the collection of cells using a thin needle. The collected cells are then smeared onto a glass slide, stained, and examined under a microscope. Other methods used in cytopathology include brushing, scraping, and washing techniques.
Cytopathology plays an important role in cancer diagnosis and management. It can help identify cancer at an early stage when treatment is most effective. It is also used to determine the type and stage of cancer, which helps in developing a treatment plan. In addition, cytopathology is used to monitor the effectiveness of cancer treatments and detect any recurrence or progression of the disease.
Cytopathologists are medical doctors who specialize in the diagnosis of diseases through the study of cells. They work closely with other healthcare professionals, including oncologists, surgeons, and radiologists, to provide comprehensive patient care.